The New Madrid Seismic Zone is a significant earthquake-prone area in the central United States. The fault line spans over 150 miles and passes through five states, including Missouri, Tennessee, Arkansas, Kentucky, and Illinois. The fault line has a history of producing some of the most powerful earthquakes in American history.
What causes earthquakes in New Madrid?
The New Madrid Seismic Zone is located in the interior of the North American Plate, which is a tectonic plate that extends from the middle of the Atlantic Ocean to the west coast of North America. The zone is believed to have formed as a result of ancient rifts that occurred when the continent was splitting apart over 750 million years ago.
An earthquake happens when two tectonic plates move against each other or when one plate suddenly slips along a fault line. In the case of New Madrid, it is believed that small movements along pre-existing faults are causing earthquakes.
How likely is another major earthquake?
The last major earthquake in New Madrid occurred in 1811-1812 and was estimated to have been between magnitude 7.5 and 8.0 on the Richter scale. Since then, there have been several smaller earthquakes in the region but nothing close to that magnitude.
According to scientists, there is always a chance of another major earthquake occurring along the New Madrid fault line. However, it’s impossible to predict exactly when or where it might happen. Some experts estimate that there’s up to a 25% chance of another magnitude 6 or greater earthquake occurring within the next 50 years.
Preparing for an earthquake
Although we cannot predict when an earthquake may strike, we can take steps to prepare ourselves and our homes for such an eventuality:
- Secure heavy furniture like bookshelves and cabinets with brackets
- Keep a supply of bottled water and non-perishable food items
- Designate a safe place in your home where you can take cover during an earthquake, such as under a sturdy table or desk
- Make sure everyone in your household knows what to do in case of an earthquake
- Have a plan for evacuation if necessary
Conclusion
The New Madrid Seismic Zone is an active fault line with the potential to produce significant earthquakes. While it’s impossible to predict when or where the next major earthquake might occur, it’s important to be prepared for such an eventuality. By taking steps to secure our homes and create an emergency plan, we can stay safe in the event of an earthquake.