Charing Cross is considered by many to be the center of London. The location of Charing Cross has been used as a reference point for measuring distances to and from London since the 18th century.
But why is it considered the center of London? Let’s dive into the history and geography of Charing Cross to find out.
The Origin of Charing Cross
The name “Charing Cross” comes from the old English word “cierring,” which means “bend in the river.” It refers to a now-vanished village called Charing that was located on the route between Westminster and London.
In 1290, King Edward I ordered a memorial cross to be built at this location in honor of his wife, Queen Eleanor, who had died nearby. The cross became known as the “Eleanor Cross,” and it marked the spot where her funeral procession stopped overnight on its way to Westminster Abbey.
Over time, other monuments were added at this location, such as statues of King Charles I and George IV. Today, Charing Cross is dominated by a large statue known as “The Angel of Christian Charity,” which stands atop the Victorian-era Charing Cross railway station.
The Importance of Charing Cross
One reason why Charing Cross is considered the center of London is its location at the intersection of several major roads, including Whitehall, Strand, Fleet Street, and Trafalgar Square. These roads have been important thoroughfares for centuries and are still heavily trafficked today.
Charing Cross is also located near several significant landmarks and institutions, such as Trafalgar Square (home to Nelson’s Column), Leicester Square (a popular entertainment district), Covent Garden (an historic market), and numerous theaters and museums.
But perhaps most importantly, Charing Cross serves as a reference point for measuring distances in London. In 1791, the British government commissioned a surveyor named John Middleton to create a map of London with Charing Cross as its center. This map, known as the Ordnance Survey, became the official standard for measuring distances in London and is still used today.
Conclusion
Charing Cross has a rich history and has played an important role in the development of London. Its location at the intersection of major roads and near significant landmarks makes it a natural focal point for the city.
But it is perhaps its role as a reference point for measuring distances that cements its place as the center of London. Whether you are a tourist or a local, Charing Cross is an essential part of navigating and understanding this vibrant city.
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