What Are Citizens of Rome Called?
Rome, the eternal city, holds a significant place in history as the capital of one of the most powerful ancient civilizations. With its rich heritage and influential empire, it’s only natural to wonder what citizens of Rome were called. In this article, we will explore the answer to this intriguing question.
The Term “Roman”
The most commonly used term to refer to citizens of Rome is Roman. The word “Roman” is derived from the Latin word “Romanus,” which means “of Rome.” It signifies an individual who was born in or had acquired citizenship in ancient Rome.
Classes of Roman Citizens
In ancient Rome, citizenship was not granted universally. There were distinct classes of Roman citizens based on certain criteria. Let’s take a closer look at these classes:
1. Patricians
The Patricians formed the upper class of Roman society. They were descendants of the original senators and noble families who held significant political power and privileges within the empire.
2. Plebeians
Plebeians, on the other hand, constituted the lower class of Roman society. They consisted of commoners who were not part of noble families or held any political power initially. Over time, however, their status improved through various reforms.
3. Freedmen
Freedmen were former slaves who had been granted their freedom by their masters or through self-purchase. Although they gained citizenship rights after being freed, they often faced social discrimination due to their previous status.
4. Peregrini
The Peregrini were individuals from outside Rome or its territories who did not possess Roman citizenship. They could be residents of provinces, allies, or foreigners. However, they were not considered full Roman citizens and had limited legal rights.
Becoming a Roman Citizen
Roman citizenship was initially exclusive to those born in Rome or descended from citizens. However, over time, the concept of citizenship expanded to include individuals from conquered territories and other parts of the empire.
To become a Roman citizen, one had to meet certain criteria and fulfill specific requirements. These requirements varied throughout different periods in Roman history.
Conclusion
In conclusion, citizens of ancient Rome were commonly referred to as Romans. The term encompassed individuals who were born in Rome or had acquired citizenship through various means. Additionally, there were social classes within the citizenry, including Patricians, Plebeians, Freedmen, and Peregrini.
Understanding the different classes and criteria for Roman citizenship sheds light on the complexities of ancient Roman society. As we explore history further, we can appreciate the diverse dynamics that shaped this remarkable civilization.