Did Sherman Burn Rome GA?

By Robert Palmer

Did Sherman Burn Rome GA?

There is a long-standing debate among historians about whether General William Tecumseh Sherman burned the city of Rome, Georgia during his infamous March to the Sea campaign in the American Civil War. Let’s delve into the historical records and examine the evidence to shed some light on this controversial topic.

The March to the Sea

In November 1864, General Sherman led his Union troops on a devastating march from Atlanta, Georgia to Savannah, Georgia. The purpose of this campaign was to demoralize Confederate forces by destroying infrastructure and resources along their path.

During this destructive campaign, many towns and cities were burned to the ground, most notably Atlanta. However, whether or not Rome suffered a similar fate remains a subject of debate.

The Case for Rome’s Burning

Some historians argue that Rome was indeed burned by Sherman’s troops. They point to accounts from eyewitnesses who claim that the city was set ablaze during their occupation.

  • Eyewitness Accounts: Several individuals living in Rome at that time reported seeing fires engulfing buildings and billowing smoke rising from various parts of the city.
  • Strategic Importance: Rome was a crucial transportation hub with railroads connecting it to other parts of Georgia. Its destruction would have severely hampered Confederate supply lines and further weakened their position.

The Case against Rome’s Burning

On the other hand, some historians argue that there is insufficient evidence to support the claim that Sherman’s troops burned Rome.

  • Lack of Official Records: There are no official military records or reports that mention the burning of Rome specifically. This absence of documentation raises doubts about the veracity of the claim.
  • Preservation of Rome’s Architecture: Unlike other cities that were left in ruins, Rome’s historic architecture remained intact. Many buildings, including the courthouse and churches, survived the war unscathed.

Conclusion

While there are conflicting accounts and arguments on both sides, the burning of Rome during Sherman’s March to the Sea remains an unresolved debate. It is possible that some areas of the city may have been damaged or destroyed, but whether it was a deliberate act or an unintended consequence of war is difficult to ascertain.

Regardless of the outcome of this debate, Sherman’s campaign had a profound and lasting impact on the Confederate forces and ultimately contributed to their defeat. The legacy of his destructive march continues to be a topic of fascination and study for historians today.