The New Madrid Seismic Zone is a region in the central United States that is prone to earthquakes. This area is not as well-known as California’s San Andreas Fault, but it has a history of producing some of the most powerful earthquakes in U.S. history.
Location and History
The New Madrid Seismic Zone is located in the central United States, primarily in the states of Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, and Kentucky. The zone was named after the town of New Madrid, Missouri, which was at the epicenter of a series of devastating earthquakes that occurred in late 1811 and early 1812.
These earthquakes were among the most powerful ever recorded in North America, with magnitudes estimated to be between 7.5 and 8.0 on the Richter scale. They caused widespread damage across multiple states and even changed the course of the Mississippi River.
Recent Activity
Since those historic earthquakes nearly two hundred years ago, there have been numerous smaller ones in the region. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), there have been more than 4,000 earthquakes with magnitudes of 1.5 or greater in the New Madrid Seismic Zone since 1974.
However, it’s important to note that most of these earthquakes have been relatively small and haven’t caused any significant damage or injuries. The USGS says that there is only a “moderate” chance (between 5% and 10%) of a magnitude 6 or greater earthquake occurring in this region within the next 50 years.
Potential Impacts
While there is no way to predict exactly when or where an earthquake will occur, experts do know that a major earthquake in the New Madrid Seismic Zone could have significant impacts on multiple states. In addition to potential damage from shaking itself, this type of earthquake could also cause liquefaction (when soil turns to liquid) and landslides.
It’s important for people living in this region to be prepared for earthquakes and have a plan in place for what to do in the event of one. This includes having emergency supplies on hand, knowing how to turn off utilities, and practicing earthquake drills with family members.
Conclusion
The New Madrid Seismic Zone may not be as well-known as other earthquake-prone regions, but it has a history of producing powerful earthquakes that could have significant impacts on multiple states. While the likelihood of a major earthquake occurring is relatively low, it’s still important for people living in this region to be prepared and have a plan in place.