How Rome Was Actually Founded?
Many of us have heard the legend of Romulus and Remus, the twin brothers who were raised by a she-wolf and went on to found the city of Rome. However, there is much more to the story than just a myth. Let’s delve into the real history behind the founding of Rome.
The Origins of Rome
The origins of Rome can be traced back to a small settlement in the 8th century BC. This settlement, known as Palatine Hill, was strategically located on a group of seven hills along the Tiber River. Over time, this humble village grew into one of the greatest empires in history.
The Etruscans
In the 7th century BC, Rome was ruled by the Etruscans, an advanced civilization that had a significant influence on Roman culture and society. The Etruscans introduced many architectural and engineering techniques to Rome, which would later define its grandeur.
The Roman Republic
In 509 BC, after overthrowing their Etruscan rulers, Romans established a republic—a form of government where power is held by elected representatives. The Roman Republic lasted for nearly five centuries and saw significant expansion through military conquests.
The Seven Kings
Prior to establishing the republic, Rome was ruled by seven kings. These kings played a crucial role in shaping early Roman society and laying the foundation for future governance systems.
- Romulus: According to legend, Romulus was one of the twin brothers who founded Rome. He became its first king after killing his brother Remus in a dispute over where to build their city.
- Numa Pompilius: Numa, the second king of Rome, is credited with establishing many religious and legal institutions that formed the core of Roman society.
- Tullus Hostilius: Under Tullus’s rule, Rome expanded its territories through military conquests, particularly against the neighboring city-state of Alba Longa.
- Ancus Marcius: Ancus Marcius focused on consolidating Rome’s power and expanding its influence over neighboring Latin tribes.
- Tarquinius Priscus: Tarquinius Priscus, an Etruscan ruler, was the first non-Roman king.
He introduced many architectural projects and expanded Rome’s infrastructure.
- Servius Tullius: Servius Tullius reformed the Roman army and introduced a new system of social classes based on wealth and military service.
- Tarquinius Superbus: Tarquinius Superbus was the last king of Rome. His tyrannical rule led to his overthrow and marked the end of monarchical rule in Rome.
The Birth of a Republic
The overthrowing of Tarquinius Superbus by Lucius Junius Brutus in 509 BC marked a significant turning point in Roman history. It led to the establishment of the Roman Republic, which laid the groundwork for later expansion and dominance.
So while legends may have their allure, it is essential to understand that Rome’s founding was not solely the result of mythical tales. It was a culmination of historical events, cultural influences, and political developments that shaped this extraordinary city into what it became—a cradle of civilization.