The Pantheon, one of Rome’s most iconic landmarks, is indeed free to enter. This ancient Roman temple, now a church, stands as a testament to the architectural brilliance of the Romans. Let’s delve into its history and discover why it is a must-visit attraction for tourists from around the world.
The History of the Pantheon
The Pantheon was originally commissioned by Marcus Agrippa, a Roman general and close associate of Emperor Augustus. The first structure was built in 27 BC, but it was destroyed by fire in 80 AD. The current building we see today dates back to 125 AD and was rebuilt by Emperor Hadrian.
Architectural Marvel
The Pantheon’s architecture is awe-inspiring. Its distinctive dome is one of the largest unreinforced concrete domes in the world.
It stands at an impressive height of 43 meters (142 feet). The dome has a circular opening at its apex called an oculus, which serves as the only source of natural light inside the building.
Fun fact: The diameter of the oculus measures around 8 meters (26 feet), which means that if it were filled with water, it would be deep enough to submerge a five-story building!
The exterior of the Pantheon features Corinthian columns made from Egyptian granite. These columns support an entablature with intricate friezes and pediments.
Religious Significance
During ancient Roman times, the Pantheon served as a temple dedicated to all gods (“pan” means “all” in Greek). However, in 609 AD, it was consecrated as a Christian church called “Santa Maria ad Martyres” or “St. Mary and the Martyrs.” Today, visitors can still attend religious services held inside.
Artistic Marvels
Upon entering the Pantheon, visitors are greeted with a breathtaking interior. The grandeur of the space is enhanced by the harmony between its design elements. The floor is made of colorful marble, and the walls are adorned with stunning mosaics and intricate carvings.
The dome is undoubtedly the main attraction. Look up, and you’ll be amazed by its perfect symmetry. The oculus allows sunlight to stream in, creating a mesmerizing play of light and shadow throughout the day.
The tombs: Inside the Pantheon lie several tombs, including that of Raphael, the renowned Italian Renaissance painter. Pay your respects to this great artist while marveling at his final resting place.
Visiting the Pantheon
- Location: The Pantheon is located in Rome’s historic center, near Piazza Navona.
- Opening hours: It is open to visitors from Monday to Saturday, from 9 am to 7:30 pm.
- No admission fee: As mentioned earlier, entry to the Pantheon is completely free!
- Dress code: Remember that it is a religious site, so dress modestly out of respect.
Whether you are an architecture enthusiast or simply curious about ancient Roman history, a visit to the Pantheon should be on your itinerary when in Rome. Its rich history, architectural brilliance, and religious significance make it an unforgettable experience for all who enter its hallowed halls.
So next time you find yourself in Rome, don’t miss out on this remarkable attraction – and remember that it won’t cost you a dime to explore the wonders of the Pantheon!