The Pantheon is a famous ancient structure that has captivated visitors for centuries. However, it might surprise you to learn that there are actually two Pantheons – one in Rome and one in Paris. Let’s delve into the details of these remarkable buildings and explore their rich history.
The Pantheon in Rome
The original Pantheon, located in Rome, Italy, is a masterpiece of Roman architecture. Built by Emperor Hadrian between 118 and 128 AD, it was originally dedicated to all the gods of ancient Rome. Today, it serves as a church and a tourist attraction.
Architecture:
The Pantheon in Rome showcases an extraordinary blend of engineering and design. Its most distinctive feature is the massive dome that sits atop the structure.
The dome’s coffered ceiling not only adds beauty but also reduces its weight. At the center of the dome is an oculus, an opening that allows natural light to flood the interior.
History:
Over the centuries, the Pantheon has undergone various transformations. It survived fires and invasions while serving different purposes: as a pagan temple, a Christian church, and even as a tomb for notable figures such as Italian kings and Renaissance artist Raphael.
The Panthéon in Paris
The second Pantheon can be found in Paris, France. Commissioned by Louis XV to replace an existing church, this neoclassical building was completed in 1790 during the French Revolution.
Architecture:
This version of the Pantheon draws inspiration from its Roman predecessor but adds its own unique flair. Its facade features grand Corinthian columns supporting a triangular pediment adorned with sculptures representing Liberty, Equality, Fraternity – three pillars of the French Revolution.
History:
Throughout its history, the Panthéon in Paris has served as a mausoleum for revered French figures. The remains of influential individuals, including writers Victor Hugo and Voltaire, scientists Pierre and Marie Curie, and philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau, have found their final resting place within these hallowed walls.
Key Differences:
While both Pantheons share similarities in name and architectural inspiration, there are notable distinctions between them:
- Location: The Pantheon in Rome is situated in the heart of the Eternal City, while its Parisian counterpart stands atop the picturesque Montagne Sainte-Geneviève.
- Purpose: The Pantheon in Rome has transitioned from a religious temple to a Christian church. In contrast, the Panthéon in Paris was intended to be a secular monument dedicated to honoring French luminaries.
- Architectural Style: The Roman Pantheon represents classical Roman architecture at its zenith. In contrast, the Parisian Panthéon showcases neoclassical elements that embody the spirit of the Enlightenment.
In Conclusion
The Pantheon is indeed found in both Rome and Paris. Each exudes its own charm while celebrating different aspects of history and culture. Whether you find yourself gazing up at the iconic dome of the Roman masterpiece or standing before the grand columns of its French counterpart, both experiences are sure to leave you awe-inspired by these magnificent architectural wonders.