The 6th century was a period of significant upheaval for the city of Rome. This article explores the events and changes that took place during this tumultuous time in the eternal city’s history.
The Fall of the Western Roman Empire
By the beginning of the 6th century, the Western Roman Empire had already been in decline for several decades. In 476 AD, Rome itself was sacked by barbarian tribes, marking the official end of the Western Roman Empire.
With the fall of Rome, political power shifted to other regions, and Italy became a fragmented land with competing kingdoms vying for control. The once mighty city of Rome lost its status as the capital and saw a sharp decline in its population and influence.
Byzantine Rule
In 534 AD, Emperor Justinian I sought to reconquer Italy and restore it to Byzantine rule. His general Belisarius successfully captured Rome in 536 AD, ushering in a period known as Byzantine Rome.
Under Byzantine rule, Rome experienced a brief resurgence. The city was repaired and fortified, with new churches and public buildings constructed. The authority of the Pope also increased during this time.
The Gothic Wars
However, Byzantine rule was not without its challenges. The Ostrogothic Kingdom under King Totila launched multiple campaigns to recapture Rome from the Byzantines.
The Gothic Wars ravaged Italy throughout much of the 6th century. Rome was besieged multiple times and suffered from extensive damage caused by warfare.
The Lombard Invasion
In 568 AD, another barbarian tribe called the Lombards invaded Italy from the north. They quickly conquered large portions of Italian territory, including significant parts of central and northern Italy.
Rome itself was spared from Lombard occupation, but the city’s influence continued to decline as the Lombards established their own kingdom in northern Italy.
Conclusion
The 6th century was a turbulent period for Rome. The fall of the Western Roman Empire, Byzantine rule, Gothic Wars, and Lombard invasion all contributed to the city’s decline in power and influence.
Despite these challenges, Rome remained a symbol of cultural and historical significance. Today, its ruins serve as a reminder of its glorious past and the events that shaped its destiny in the 6th century.
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