What Is COP21 Paris Agreement?

By Anna Duncan

The COP21 Paris Agreement, also known as the Paris Climate Agreement, is a historic accord that was adopted by 195 countries in December 2015 at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conference of Parties (COP21). This agreement aims to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius.

Background

Climate change is a pressing issue that has been affecting our planet for decades. The increase in global temperatures has led to rising sea levels, extreme weather conditions, and widespread ecological damage. The scientific community has warned that urgent action is needed to prevent catastrophic consequences.

In response to this, the UNFCCC was established in 1994 with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable development. The COP meetings are held annually as a platform for member countries to discuss and negotiate climate action.

The Paris Agreement

The COP21 Paris Agreement is a legally binding agreement that sets out a global framework for tackling climate change. Its main goal is to strengthen the ability of countries to deal with the impacts of climate change and ensure that they can adapt to its effects.

Under this agreement, each country must set nationally determined contributions (NDCs) for reducing their greenhouse gas emissions. These Targets are reviewed every five years, with the first review taking place in 2020.

Key Elements

Temperature Goal: The Paris Agreement aims to limit global warming well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit it even further to 1.

Nationally Determined Contributions: Countries must set their own Targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and report on their progress towards achieving them.

Transparency: A system has been established to ensure that countries are transparent about their emissions reductions and progress towards meeting their Targets.

Finance: Developed countries have committed to providing financial support to developing countries in their efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change.

Loss and Damage: The agreement recognizes the need for international cooperation in addressing the loss and damage caused by climate change.

The Importance of the Paris Agreement

The COP21 Paris Agreement is a significant milestone in the global fight against climate change. It represents a collective effort by countries around the world to address this critical issue and ensure a sustainable future for generations to come.

By setting ambitious Targets, promoting transparency, and providing financial support, the agreement provides a framework for countries to work together towards a common goal. It sends a clear message that urgent action is needed if we are to prevent catastrophic consequences of climate change.

Conclusion

The COP21 Paris Agreement is an important step forward in tackling climate change. Its provisions provide a roadmap for countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate change. As we move forward, it is crucial that we continue to work together towards this common goal, ensuring that our planet remains habitable for future generations.