Madrid, the stunning capital of Spain, is home to numerous plazas or squares. Each square has its own unique history and significance, making it difficult to determine which one is the most historically important. However, one plaza stands out among the rest – the Plaza Mayor.
The Plaza Mayor
The Plaza Mayor is a grand square located in the heart of Madrid. It was created in the 16th century during the reign of King Philip III and has been a significant landmark ever since. The plaza’s original name was “Plaza del Arrabal,” or suburb square, as it was originally positioned outside of Madrid’s city walls.
History
In 1580, King Philip III ordered for a grand square to be built on the site of an old market square. The construction began in 1617 under architect Juan Gomez de Mora’s supervision. However, due to various delays and complications, it took until 1790 to complete its final design under architect Juan de Villanueva’s direction.
The plaza has witnessed countless historic events throughout history since its creation. It was used for bullfights, coronations, and even public executions until they were banned in 1785.
During the Spanish Inquisition in the 17th century, heretics were brought to this square for punishment. They were publicly humiliated by being paraded through the streets before being burned alive at stake.
The Plaza Mayor also played a significant role during Spain’s War of Independence against Napoleon when it became a military barracks for French soldiers.
Architecture
The Plaza Mayor is an impressive example of Spanish Baroque architecture with its symmetrical layout and beautiful red-brick buildings that enclose it on all sides. The most distinctive feature of this grand square is its nine entrance archways that lead into it from various streets.
At the center of the square stands a statue of King Philip III, who was responsible for its creation. The statue was designed by Giambologna, a renowned Italian sculptor.
Present Day
Today, the Plaza Mayor is a popular tourist destination and a bustling hub of activity. It’s filled with restaurants, cafes, and shops that cater to both locals and tourists.
The plaza hosts numerous events throughout the year, such as the Christmas market and the San Isidro Festival. It’s also a popular spot for street performers, artists, and musicians.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Madrid’s Plaza Mayor is undoubtedly the most historically important square in the city. Its rich history, stunning architecture, and vibrant present-day life make it an iconic landmark that attracts visitors from all over the world.