What Made Gaius Marcius Coriolanus Withdraw His Army From Rome?
Rome, the mighty city known for its conquests and power, faced an unprecedented event when one of its own generals, Gaius Marcius Coriolanus, decided to withdraw his army. This shocking turn of events left the citizens bewildered and the Senate scrambling to understand the reasons behind Coriolanus’ unexpected decision.
Background
Gaius Marcius Coriolanus was a respected and valiant Roman general who had led many successful military campaigns for Rome. He earned his famous cognomen ‘Coriolanus’ after his victory in the siege of the Volscian city of Corioles.
However, despite his military achievements, Coriolanus had a complex relationship with the common people of Rome. His disdain for plebeians and his uncompromising attitude often put him at odds with them.
Tensions Rise
The tipping point came when a severe famine struck Rome. The common people were suffering from hunger and demanded that grain be distributed among them at a subsidized price. The Senate, fearing that such action would set a dangerous precedent, opposed their demands.
Coriolanus, who sympathized with the Senate’s position, vocally supported their stance against providing grain to the plebeians. His unwavering loyalty to the Senate further alienated him from the common people.
The Banishment
Fueled by anger and resentment towards Coriolanus, tribunes of the plebs instigated the citizens against him. They accused him of treason and sought to banish him from Rome.
Despite being aware of the impending threat to his life and reputation, Coriolanus remained steadfast in his beliefs. He refused to apologize or show remorse for his stance on the grain distribution issue.
Ultimately, the Senate, fearing a potential civil war, failed to protect Coriolanus. In a hasty decision, they allowed the citizens to vote on his fate. The majority voted in favor of banishing him from Rome.
Withdrawal
Coriolanus, devastated and betrayed by Rome, retreated with his loyal army to join forces with Rome’s enemies, the Volscians. This shocking turn of events further deepened the wounds between Coriolanus and his homeland.
The Volscians saw an opportunity in Coriolanus’ arrival and eagerly embraced him as their ally. With his military prowess and knowledge of Roman tactics, Coriolanus posed a significant threat to Rome.
Reconciliation Attempts
In an attempt to prevent an all-out war with the Volscians led by their former general, Rome sent envoys to negotiate with Coriolanus. Leading senators and influential figures pleaded with him to spare Rome from destruction.
Coriolanus’ mother, Veturia, along with his wife and children, also joined the delegation. Their emotional appeal touched Coriolanus’ heart but did not sway him from seeking retribution against Rome for his banishment.
The Turning Point
It was only when he encountered his old friend Menenius Agrippa that Coriolanus was finally moved. Menenius delivered a passionate speech reminding Coriolanus of their shared history and urging him to reconsider his actions.
Touched by this heartfelt plea and torn between vengeance and compassion for his homeland, Coriolanus eventually decided against attacking Rome. He withdrew his army from its outskirts and spared the city from destruction.
Legacy
Gaius Marcius Coriolanus’ withdrawal from Rome marked the end of his military career and his ambitions for revenge. His decision to spare the city that had banished him showcased a moment of personal growth and selflessness.
Coriolanus’ story serves as a reminder of the complexities of loyalty, honor, and forgiveness. It is a testament to the power of persuasion and compassion in shaping the course of history.
- Background
- Tensions Rise
- The Banishment
- Withdrawal
- Reconciliation Attempts
- The Turning Point
- Legacy
In conclusion, Gaius Marcius Coriolanus’ withdrawal from Rome was a result of his banishment due to his uncompromising stance on the grain distribution issue. His subsequent alliance with Rome’s enemies was driven by resentment and a desire for revenge. However, through reconciliation attempts and personal reflection, Coriolanus ultimately chose to spare Rome from destruction, leaving behind a legacy that defied expectations.