When Was the Great Synagogue of Rome Built?

By Robert Palmer

The Great Synagogue of Rome, also known as Tempio Maggiore di Roma in Italian, is a magnificent structure that holds great historical and cultural significance. It stands tall as a symbol of the Jewish community’s resilience and has been a place of worship for centuries.

Construction and History:
The construction of the Great Synagogue of Rome began in 1901 and was completed four years later in 1905. The synagogue was designed by the architect Vincenzo Costa with an aim to create a grand and impressive building that would reflect the importance of Judaism in Rome.

Architectural Style:
The architectural style of the Great Synagogue is a combination of different influences, including Byzantine, Moorish, and Art Nouveau elements. This unique blend creates a striking façade that immediately captures the attention of anyone who lays eyes on it.

The Exterior:

The exterior of the Great Synagogue is adorned with intricate details and decorative motifs. The central dome, which reaches a height of 45 meters, is surrounded by smaller cupolas and topped with a Star of David. This symbol holds great significance in Judaism as it represents unity and protection.

The Interior:

Upon entering the synagogue, visitors are greeted by an awe-inspiring interior that exudes elegance and grandeur. The main prayer hall can accommodate up to 1,200 people and features beautiful stained glass windows that allow natural light to filter through, creating a serene atmosphere.

  • The Ark:

    • One of the most important features inside the synagogue is the Ark, also known as Aron Hakodesh. This ornate wooden cabinet houses Torah scrolls which are considered sacred in Judaism. It is situated at the eastern wall facing Jerusalem.

  • Bimah:

    • In front of the Ark stands the Bimah, a raised platform from which the Torah is read during religious services.

    It serves as a focal point for the congregation and holds great significance in Jewish rituals.

  • Mosaics and Decorations:

    • Throughout the interior, one can find intricate mosaics depicting biblical scenes and Jewish symbols. These decorative elements add a sense of beauty and spirituality to the space.

Restoration:

Over the years, the Great Synagogue of Rome has undergone several restoration projects to preserve its architectural integrity. The most significant restoration took place in 1983, after a terrorist attack caused severe damage to the building. Thanks to dedicated efforts, the synagogue was restored to its former glory.

In conclusion, the Great Synagogue of Rome is not only an architectural marvel but also a testament to the rich history and resilience of Rome’s Jewish community. Its grandeur, both inside and out, captivates visitors from around the world and serves as a reminder of the importance of religious diversity and cultural heritage.

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