The New Madrid Fault is a seismic zone that stretches across several states in the United States. It is named after the town of New Madrid, located in Missouri. This fault zone is known for its potential to cause earthquakes of significant magnitude, with the most powerful earthquake in U.S. history being recorded here.
Where does the New Madrid Fault run?
The New Madrid Fault runs through several states in the central United States, including Missouri, Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississippi. It spans over 150 miles and has a width of approximately 25 miles.
History of the New Madrid Fault
The New Madrid Fault gained notoriety after a series of powerful earthquakes occurred here in 1811 and 1812. These earthquakes were so strong that they caused the Mississippi River to flow backward and created new lakes in what was then known as the Louisiana Territory.
Since then, there have been several smaller earthquakes that have occurred along this fault zone. While none have been as powerful as those in 1811-1812, they serve as a reminder that this area remains an active seismic zone.
Potential Impact
If a major earthquake were to occur on the New Madrid Fault today, it could have devastating consequences for the region. The area affected by such an earthquake would include major cities such as Memphis and St. Louis.
What causes earthquakes on the New Madrid Fault?
Earthquakes occur when tectonic plates shift or break apart beneath the Earth’s surface. In this case, it is believed that movement along ancient faults deep below the Earth’s surface causes earthquakes on the New Madrid Fault.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the New Madrid Fault is a significant seismic zone that spans across several states in central United States. While it has not experienced a major earthquake since 1811-1812, it remains an active area and one that is closely monitored by scientists for any signs of seismic activity. If you live in the region, it is important to be prepared for the possibility of an earthquake and to have a plan in place in case one does occur.