Where Does the New Madrid Fault Start and End?

By Robert Palmer

The New Madrid Fault is a geological formation that extends through several states in the United States. It is a seismic zone that has been responsible for some of the most significant earthquakes in North American history. The fault system begins in Marked Tree, Arkansas, and ends near Cairo, Illinois.

What is the New Madrid Fault?

The New Madrid Fault is a series of faults that run underneath the Mississippi River Valley. It was named after the town of New Madrid, Missouri, where a series of powerful earthquakes occurred in 1811 and 1812. These earthquakes were some of the most significant to ever occur in North America and are estimated to have been between magnitude 7.5 and 8.

Where Does it Start?

The New Madrid Fault begins near Marked Tree, Arkansas. This small town is located in Poinsett County, which is about halfway between Memphis, Tennessee, and Little Rock, Arkansas. From there, the fault runs northeast through Missouri before turning north towards Illinois.

Missouri

In Missouri, the New Madrid Fault runs through several counties including Dunklin, Stoddard, New Madrid (the town), Mississippi, Scott, and Cape Girardeau. The fault line passes within just a few miles of several major cities including Cape Girardeau and Sikeston.

Kentucky

After passing through Missouri’s Bootheel region and crossing into Kentucky briefly just south of Wickliffe at the Mississippi River’s confluence with the Ohio River before returning to Missouri south of Cairo.

Tennessee

In Tennessee, the fault runs through Lake County before crossing into Kentucky again near Fulton.

Illinois

Finally, the fault ends near Cairo in southern Illinois. This small town sits at the confluence of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers and is the southernmost point of the New Madrid seismic zone.

Conclusion

The New Madrid Fault is a significant geological formation that runs through several states in the Midwest. It begins near Marked Tree, Arkansas, and ends near Cairo, Illinois. The fault has been responsible for some of the most significant earthquakes in North American history, and scientists continue to study it to better understand its potential for future seismic activity.