Where Is the New Madrid Fault Line and Zone?

By Alice Nichols

The New Madrid Fault line is one of the most active seismic zones in the United States. It is located in the central part of the country, stretching from northeastern Arkansas to southern Illinois. The fault line is named after the town of New Madrid, Missouri, where a series of earthquakes occurred in 1811 and 1812, making it one of the largest earthquakes in American history.

The Location

The New Madrid Fault line runs through several states including Missouri, Arkansas, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississippi. The area around the fault line is known as the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ) and covers approximately 150 miles.

Geological History

The NMSZ was formed about 500 million years ago when North America was still part of a supercontinent called Pangaea. During this time, tectonic plates shifted and collided, causing massive amounts of pressure to build up beneath the Earth’s surface. This pressure eventually led to the formation of faults like the New Madrid Fault line.

Earthquakes

Since its discovery in 1811-1812, there have been several major earthquakes recorded along the New Madrid Fault line. These include:

  • A magnitude 8.1 earthquake on December 16th, 1811
  • A magnitude 7.8 earthquake on January 23rd, 1812
  • A magnitude 7.0 earthquake on February 7th, 1812

These earthquakes caused widespread damage across several states and were felt as far away as Canada.

Current Activity

While there haven’t been any major earthquakes along the NMSZ recently, it’s important to note that this does not mean that it’s not a threat. According to experts at the United States Geological Survey (USGS), the NMSZ is still active and has the potential to produce earthquakes with magnitudes of up to 7.5.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the New Madrid Fault line is a significant seismic zone located in the central part of the United States. It has a long history of major earthquakes that have caused widespread damage across several states.

While current activity may not be as frequent as it once was, it’s important to remember that this fault line is still active and could potentially cause significant damage in the future. It’s crucial that we continue to monitor this area closely and take necessary precautions to ensure public safety.