Who Actually Founded Rome?
Rome, often referred to as the Eternal City, has a rich and fascinating history. But when it comes to its foundation, there is much debate and speculation.
Let’s explore the different theories and legends surrounding the founding of Rome.
The Legend of Romulus and Remus
One of the most well-known stories about the founding of Rome is the legend of Romulus and Remus. According to this mythological tale, Romulus and Remus were twin brothers and descendants of Aeneas, a Trojan hero.
They were abandoned by their mother, Rhea Silvia, and left to die in the Tiber River.
However, they were not forgotten. The river god Tiberinus saved them and they were discovered by a she-wolf who suckled them until they were found by a shepherd named Faustulus.
Raised by Faustulus as his own sons, Romulus and Remus grew up to become strong leaders.
As adults, Romulus and Remus decided to establish a city near the place where they were saved by the she-wolf. However, they disagreed on which hill to build it upon.
Eventually, this disagreement led to a tragic event: Romulus killed Remus in a fit of anger.
Romulus then became the sole founder of Rome in 753 BC. He established its boundaries known as the Seven Hills of Rome: Palatine Hill, Aventine Hill, Capitoline Hill, Quirinal Hill, Viminal Hill, Esquiline Hill, and Caelian Hill.
The Etruscan Influence
Another theory suggests that Rome was founded as an Etruscan settlement. The Etruscans were a civilization in ancient Italy who had a significant impact on the development of Roman culture.
They introduced advanced architectural techniques, such as the use of arches and vaults, which became prominent in Roman architecture.
The Etruscan influence can still be seen in some of Rome’s oldest structures, such as the Cloaca Maxima, an ancient sewer system. Additionally, archaeological evidence points to Etruscan presence in the area before the traditional foundation date of Rome.
The Greek Influence
There is also evidence to suggest that Greek settlers played a role in the founding of Rome. The Greeks had established colonies throughout southern Italy and Sicily, and it is believed that they may have influenced the early development of Rome.
Greek culture had a profound impact on Roman society, particularly in areas such as art, literature, and philosophy. The Romans adopted many aspects of Greek culture and incorporated them into their own civilization.
Conclusion
While it is difficult to determine with certainty who actually founded Rome, the legend of Romulus and Remus remains deeply ingrained in Roman mythology. The Etruscans and Greeks also played significant roles in shaping the early development of Rome.
Regardless of its origins, Rome went on to become one of the most influential cities in history. Its legacy can still be felt today through its architectural marvels, cultural achievements, and enduring impact on Western civilization.