Who Was Buried in Rome?
Rome, the eternal city, is not only famous for its ancient ruins, stunning architecture, and delicious cuisine but also for its rich history and the many notable figures buried within its borders. From emperors and popes to poets and artists, Rome’s cemeteries are a treasure trove of fascinating stories and legacies.
The Vatican Necropolis
One of the most renowned burial sites in Rome is the Vatican Necropolis, located beneath St. Peter’s Basilica. This ancient cemetery dates back to the Roman Empire and is believed to be the final resting place of Saint Peter, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus Christ.
Legend has it that Peter was crucified upside down in Rome in 64 AD during Emperor Nero’s persecution of Christians. His remains were buried on Vatican Hill, and over time, a basilica was built on top of his grave.
The Vatican Necropolis is not open to the general public but can be visited by special permission or as part of a guided tour. It is an awe-inspiring experience to stand in this sacred place where one of Christianity’s most important figures is said to be buried.
The Pantheon
The Pantheon, another iconic Roman monument, also serves as a burial site for some notable individuals. Originally built as a temple dedicated to all gods during the reign of Emperor Hadrian in 126 AD, it was later transformed into a Christian church.
Among those buried in the Pantheon:
- Raphael: The renowned Italian painter and architect who contributed significantly to Renaissance art.
- Vittorio Emanuele II: The first king of a unified Italy, who played a crucial role in the country’s unification.
- Umberto I: The son of Vittorio Emanuele II and the king of Italy from 1878 until his assassination in 1900.
Walking through the Pantheon and witnessing these tombs is a reminder of the incredible talent, leadership, and history that Rome has witnessed throughout the centuries.
The Protestant Cemetery
In addition to its Catholic cemeteries, Rome is also home to the Non-Catholic Cemetery, commonly known as the Protestant Cemetery. Located near the Pyramid of Cestius, this cemetery is the final resting place for many prominent non-Catholic figures.
Among those buried in the Protestant Cemetery:
- John Keats: The English Romantic poet who died at a young age but left behind a remarkable body of work.
- Percy Bysshe Shelley: Another influential English poet who was married to Mary Shelley, author of “Frankenstein.”
- Karl Wilhelm Diefenbach: A German painter and social reformer known for his unconventional lifestyle and artistic pursuits.
The Protestant Cemetery offers a serene and peaceful atmosphere where visitors can pay their respects to these literary and artistic giants who found inspiration in Rome’s beauty.
The Capuchin Crypt
If you have a taste for something macabre, then a visit to the Capuchin Crypt is a must. Located beneath the Church of Santa Maria della Concezione dei Cappuccini, this crypt contains the skeletal remains of around 4,000 Capuchin friars.
However, it is not just the number of skeletons that makes this crypt unique.
The bones have been arranged in intricate patterns and designs, creating a hauntingly beautiful display. Skulls line the walls, femurs form chandeliers, and vertebrae create ornate decorations. It serves as a memento mori, reminding visitors of the transient nature of life.
Conclusion
Rome’s cemeteries are not only places of final repose but also windows into history, art, and culture. From the Vatican Necropolis to the Pantheon, the Protestant Cemetery to the Capuchin Crypt, each burial site has its own stories to tell.
Visiting these sites allows us to connect with the past and appreciate the legacy left behind by those who shaped Rome into the enchanting city it is today.