Prague, the capital city of the Czech Republic, has a rich and fascinating history that dates back over a thousand years. But who was Prague founded by? Let’s delve into the origins of this enchanting city.
The Legend of Princess Libuše
According to legend, Prague was founded by Princess Libuše, a wise and visionary ruler. Legend has it that Libuše possessed supernatural powers and had the ability to foresee the future. She is said to have stood atop a hill overlooking the Vltava River and proclaimed:
“I see a great city whose glory will touch the stars.”
This prophetic vision became the foundation for the establishment of Prague.
The Early Settlements
Archaeological evidence suggests that Prague had been settled long before Princess Libuše’s time. The region around Prague was inhabited by Celtic tribes as early as the 4th century BC. The Celts left behind traces of their culture and fortifications, which can still be seen in some parts of Prague.
Later, during the Roman era, Germanic tribes began to settle in the area. The Roman Empire also had an influence on Prague’s development through trade routes and cultural exchange.
The Arrival of Slavic Tribes
In the 6th century AD, Slavic tribes migrated into Central Europe, including what is now known as Prague. These tribes were led by their legendary leaders Samo and his successors. They established fortified settlements along the Vltava River, forming an important trade route connecting Western Europe with Eastern Europe.
The Premyslid Dynasty
In the 9th century AD, Prague became the seat of power for the Premyslid dynasty, which ruled the area for several centuries. The Premyslids played a significant role in the development of Prague as a political and cultural hub.
Bohemia and the Holy Roman Empire
In 973 AD, Prague became the capital of the Duchy of Bohemia. Over time, Prague grew in importance and became the seat of power for the Kingdom of Bohemia, which was later incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire.
Charles IV and the Golden Age
In the 14th century, under the reign of Charles IV, Prague experienced its golden age. Charles IV, a member of the Luxembourg dynasty, transformed Prague into one of Europe’s most influential cities. He founded Charles University, one of the oldest universities in Europe, and commissioned iconic landmarks such as Charles Bridge and St. Vitus Cathedral.
The Habsburg Era
In 1526, after a series of political changes and conflicts, Bohemia came under Habsburg rule. Prague continued to flourish culturally during this period despite several religious conflicts that occurred during the Reformation and Counter-Reformation movements.
The Czechoslovak Republic
After World War I and the fall of Austria-Hungary, Czechoslovakia was formed as an independent republic in 1918. Prague became its capital city.
The Modern Era
Prague has seen significant changes throughout the 20th century. It experienced occupation during World War II by Nazi Germany and endured communist rule under Soviet influence after World War II until 1989.
Following the peaceful Velvet Revolution in 1989, Prague emerged as a vibrant European city with a renewed focus on democracy and cultural development.
A City Shaped by History
Prague’s foundation is steeped in legend, shaped by ancient settlements, and influenced by various rulers and dynasties throughout history. Today, the city stands as a testament to its past, with its stunning architecture, cobblestone streets, and rich cultural heritage.
Visiting Prague allows one to experience a journey through time while exploring the layers of history that have shaped this remarkable city.