In ancient times, Rome was ruled by a succession of kings. These early rulers played a significant role in shaping the foundation of the Roman civilization. Let’s take a closer look at the first seven kings of Rome:
Romulus
Romulus, the legendary founder of Rome, is said to have established the city on April 21, 753 BC. According to mythology, Romulus and his twin brother Remus were abandoned as infants and raised by a she-wolf.
As adults, they decided to establish their own city but had a disagreement over its location. Romulus killed Remus and became the sole ruler of Rome.
Numa Pompilius
Following Romulus’ mysterious disappearance or death after ruling for 37 years, Numa Pompilius was chosen as his successor. Numa was known for his wisdom and piety. He introduced numerous religious reforms and established various Roman institutions such as the Vestal Virgins and the office of Pontifex Maximus.
Tullus Hostilius
After Numa’s peaceful reign, Tullus Hostilius came to power. He was known for his military prowess and expansionist policies.
Tullus waged war against Alba Longa, a neighboring city founded by descendants of Aeneas. According to legend, Tullus defeated Alba Longa in a battle between sets of triplets from both cities.
Ancus Marcius
Ancus Marcius succeeded Tullus Hostilius and ruled Rome for 24 years. He focused on expanding Roman territory through diplomacy rather than warfare. Ancus built Rome’s first prison named “Mamertine Prison” and also constructed the first bridge across the Tiber River.
Tarquinius Priscus
Tarquinius Priscus, also known as Lucius Tarquinius, was the first Etruscan king of Rome. He was an ambitious ruler who expanded Rome’s influence and strengthened its military power. Tarquinius introduced various reforms, including the construction of temples and drainage systems.
Servius Tullius
Servius Tullius, the son-in-law of Tarquinius Priscus, succeeded him as the sixth king of Rome. He implemented significant political reforms by creating a new system for organizing citizens based on their wealth.
Servius also built a defensive wall around Rome called the “Servian Wall. “
Tarquinius Superbus
The last king of Rome was Tarquinius Superbus, also known as Lucius Tarquinius Superbus or Tarquin the Proud. His reign was marked by tyranny and arrogance. Tarquinius engaged in brutal acts of violence and ruled with an iron fist until he was overthrown in 509 BC.
These seven kings played a crucial role in shaping early Roman history and laying the groundwork for the republic that would follow their rule.