Vancomycin is a potent antibiotic drug that has been around for more than 60 years. This drug is known as the “drug of last resort” because it is typically used to treat infections that are resistant to other antibiotics. In this article, we will explore why Vancomycin is considered the last resort drug and how it works.
What Is Vancomycin?
Vancomycin is an antibiotic drug that was first discovered in 1953. It was isolated from a soil bacterium called Amycolatopsis orientalis. The drug was initially used to treat infections caused by gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Why Is Vancomycin the Drug of Last Resort?
Over time, many bacteria have developed resistance to common antibiotics like penicillin and methicillin. Infections caused by these bacteria can be difficult to treat, and in some cases, they can be life-threatening. Vancomycin is often used as a last resort treatment for these infections because it remains effective against many strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
How Does Vancomycin Work?
Vancomycin works by inhibiting the formation of bacterial cell walls. Bacterial cell walls are essential for maintaining the structural integrity of the cell, and without them, the cell can burst open and die. By blocking cell wall formation, Vancomycin prevents bacteria from multiplying and spreading throughout the body.
When Is Vancomycin Used?
Vancomycin is typically used to treat serious infections caused by gram-positive bacteria that are resistant to other antibiotics. These infections may include:
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
- Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE)
- Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection
- Endocarditis (infection of the heart lining)
- Bone and joint infections
How Is Vancomycin Administered?
Vancomycin can be administered intravenously or orally, depending on the type of infection being treated. When given intravenously, it is typically administered slowly over a period of one to two hours to minimize the risk of side effects.
Conclusion
Vancomycin is an essential drug in the fight against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. It is often used as a last resort treatment for serious infections that are resistant to other antibiotics.
While Vancomycin can be effective against many strains of bacteria, it is not without its risks and side effects. If you are prescribed Vancomycin, it’s important to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully and report any adverse reactions or symptoms immediately.