Madrid, the capital city of Spain, is famous for its rich history, cultural heritage, and gorgeous tourist spots. But have you ever wondered why it was built where it is?
What were the factors that influenced its location and development over time? Let’s explore the fascinating history behind the founding of Madrid.
Geographical Location
Madrid is located in the center of Spain, on a high plateau called Meseta Central. This plateau lies at an altitude of about 650 meters above sea level and is surrounded by mountains on all sides.
The Guadarrama range lies to the north-west while the Sierra de Gredos is to the south-west. This strategic location has made Madrid an important hub for transportation and trade since ancient times.
History
The earliest records of human settlements in Madrid date back to prehistoric times, around 1000 BC. The first known tribe to inhabit this region was called Carpetani. They were followed by several other tribes such as Celts, Romans, Visigoths, and Moors.
The city of Madrid was founded by Emir Muhammad I of Cordoba in 852 AD as a military fortress to protect his kingdom from Christian invasions. The name ‘Madrid’ comes from the Arabic word ‘Majrīṭ,’ which means ‘place of abundant water.’ This name reflects the importance of water in this region as there are several rivers and streams that flow through it.
The Role of Trade
Throughout its history, Madrid has played a vital role in trade due to its central location. During the Middle Ages, it became an important trading center for wool and textiles because of its proximity to Castile’s sheep-farming regions. Later on, during the 16th-18th centuries, Madrid became a major hub for international trade as Spanish explorers brought back wealth from the New World.
Conclusion
Madrid’s strategic location, rich history, and role in trade have made it a vital center for culture, politics, and commerce. Its growth and development over time have been influenced by many factors such as geography, history, and economics. Today, Madrid continues to be a thriving metropolis that attracts millions of visitors every year.
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