The Tower of London is an iconic structure that stands tall in the heart of London. It is a historic castle located on the north bank of the River Thames.
The Tower has been in existence for over 950 years and has served various purposes over the centuries. But, why was it built in the first place?
The Norman Conquest
The construction of the Tower of London began in 1078, after William the Conqueror successfully invaded England and became its king. He ordered the construction of a fortress to protect his new kingdom and establish his power. The Tower was initially built as a wooden structure, but it was later replaced with stone by William’s son, King Henry I.
Defense Against Invasion
One of the primary reasons for constructing the Tower was to defend against foreign invasions. England had been invaded several times before William’s conquest, and he wanted to ensure that he could protect his kingdom from any future attacks. The Tower was strategically located near London Bridge, which was a crucial entry point into the city.
Control Over London
Another reason for building the Tower was to establish control over London. At that time, London was a thriving commercial center, and whoever controlled it had significant power and influence. The Tower was built as a symbol of royal authority over the city and its people.
A Royal Palace
Over time, the Tower became more than just a fortress – it also served as a royal palace. Many kings and queens lived in the Tower during their reigns, including Henry III and Elizabeth I. It also became a venue for various royal ceremonies such as coronations.
A Prison
Perhaps one of the most well-known uses of the Tower is as a prison. The first prisoners were held at the Tower during King Henry III’s reign in 1240. Over time, it became a notorious prison where many high-profile prisoners were held, including Anne Boleyn, Sir Walter Raleigh, and even the Kray twins.
A Tourist Attraction
Today, the Tower of London is one of London’s top tourist attractions. Visitors can explore the Tower’s history and see the Crown Jewels on display. The Tower also hosts various events throughout the year, such as reenactments and exhibitions.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the Tower of London was built for several reasons – to defend against foreign invasions, establish control over London, serve as a royal palace, hold prisoners, and now serve as a tourist attraction. Its rich history and iconic architecture make it a must-visit destination for anyone visiting London.